Fifth Grade Mathematics
SDE Course Code: 0506
MNPS Course Code: MTH4005Y
Course Description
The fifth grade math curriculum focuses on problem solving and skill building using the basic operations of whole numbers, decimals, fractions and percents. Foundations of algebraic thinking are addressed along with measurement, patterns, geometric concepts and data analysis. Place value from millions to thousandths, factoring whole numbers up to 50, estimation and the concept of negative numbers are also studied.
Course of Study
Number and Operations
- Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems
° Read and write numbers from thousandths to millions
° Name the place value of a given digit from thousandths to millions
° Use various models to show relationships among whole numbers, fractions, mixed numbers, and decimals (e.g., number lines, base ten blocks, Venn diagrams, hundreds boards)
° Communicate using mathematical language and symbols
° Model proper fractions, improper fractions, and mixed numbers
° Show the relationship between improper fractions and mixed numbers
° Recognize and generate equivalent forms of commonly used fractions, decimals, and percents (e.g., 1/10, 1/4, 1/2, ¾)
° Recognize relationships among commonly used fractions and decimals.
- Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another
° Use commutative, associative, and identity properties
° Explain and demonstrate the inverse nature of addition and subtraction
° Explain and demonstrate the inverse nature of multiplication and division
° Communicate the effects of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on size and order of numbers
- Solve problems, compute fluently, and make reasonable estimates
° Select appropriate methods and tools for computations (e.g., mental computation, estimation, calculators, paper and pencil)
° Explain why one from of a number might be more useful for computation than another form
° Recognize reasonable estimates for operations
° Add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers and decimals
° Use models, benchmarks, and equivalent forms to add and subtract commonly used fractions with like and unlike denominators
° Identify missing information and/or too much information in real-world problems
° Solve multi-step real-world problems
° Solve real-world problems using decimals, fractions, and percents
Algebra
- Represent and analyze patterns, relations, and functions
° Generalize and extend geometric and numerical patterns
° Represent and analyze patterns and functions using words, tables, and graphs
° Apply basic function rules.
- Represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures using algebraic symbols
º Demonstrate understanding that an equation is a number sentence stating two quantities are equal
º Solve open sentences using informal methods and knowledge of operations
º Represent the idea of a variable as an unknown quantity using a letter or a symbol
º Express mathematical relationships using equations
- Illustrate general properties of operations
º Apply commutative, associative, zero, distributive, and identity properties
º Show that division is not commutative
- Analyze change in various contexts
º Investigate how a change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable
º Use a variety of methods to compare and describe situations involving constant and/or varying rates of change
Geometry
- Analyze characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional shapes
º Identify, compare, and analyze attributes of two- and three-dimensional figures
º Use the attributes of geometric figures to develop definitions
º Draw points, lines, line segments, rays, and angles
º Identify and describe the attributes of a circle using appropriate mathematical language (e.g., radius, diameter, center)
º Use properties to classify geometric figures
º Investigate and describe the results of subdividing and combining geometric figures
º Compare and contrast congruent and symmetrical geometric figures
º Describe characteristics of lines and angles (e.g., parallel, perpendicular, intersecting, right, acute, obtuse)
º Make and test hypothesis about geometric properties
º Explore similarity
- Specify locations and describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry and other representational systems
º Describe location and movement using appropriate mathematical language
º Find and specify points in Quadrant I of a coordinate system
- Apply transformations and use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations
º Investigate, predict, and describe the results of transformations of two-dimensional figures (i.e., slides, flips, turns)
º Describe line and rotational symmetry in two-dimensional figures
º Describe a motion or a series of motions that will show that two shapes are congruent
- Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems
º Construct and draw two- and three-dimensional geometric figures
º Create and describe mental images of objects, patterns, and paths
º Build a three-dimensional object from a two-dimensional representation (nets) of that object
º Use visualization and spatial reasoning to solve real-world problems
Measurement
- Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement
º demonstrate understanding of the concepts of length, perimeter, circumference, area, weight, capacity, volume, elapsed time, and angle measure
º demonstrate understanding that measurements are approximations
º understand how differences in units affect precision
º demonstrate understanding of the relationships among the units within the same system of measurements
º explore what happens to measurements of a two-dimensional shape when the shape is changed in some way (e.g., perimeter, area)
- Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements
º Apply and explain appropriate estimation strategies using standard units of measure
º Select and apply appropriate standard units to measure length, perimeter, area, capacity, volume, weight, time, temperature, and angles
º Select and use appropriate tools for measuring in real-world situations
º Solve real-world problems involving measurement and elapsed time
º Read and record temperature using Fahrenheit and Celsius scales
º Develop, understand, and use formulas to find the area of parallelograms and triangles
º Explain and demonstrate how scale in maps and drawings shows relative size and distance
º Develop informal strategies to determine the surface area and volume of rectangular solids
Data Analysis and Probability
- Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer questions
º Collect data using observations, surveys, and experiments
º Understand how data-collection methods affect the nature of the data set
º Represent data using pictographs, bar graphs, tables, circle graphs, and line graphs
º Interpret data displayed in pictographs, bar graphs, tables, circle graphs, and line graphs
- Select and use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data
º Use measures of central tendency (i.e., mean, median, mode)
º Relate mean, median, and mode to a visual representation of a data set
º Find the range of a data set
- Develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data
º Make predictions and justify conclusions based on data
º Design investigations to address a question
º Examine various representations of data to evaluate how accurately the data is depicted
º Explain the importance of sample size in investigations
- Understand and apply basic concepts of probability
º Describe the likelihood or chance of events as likely, unlikely, certain, equally likely, or impossible
º Use a sample space to predict the probability of an event
º Understand that the measure of the likelihood of an event can be represented as a number from 0-1
Standards:
MNPS 5th Grade Standards
http://www.mnps.org/PageFactory.aspx?PageID=3403
State Standards:
http://www.state.tn.us/education/ci/cistandards2001/math/cimath.htm
Textbooks:
Basal: Greenes, et al, Houghton Mifflin Math, 1st Edition, 2005, Houghton-Mifflin
(Grade-5)
Online Textbook:
http://www.eduplace.com/epe/mw/startup/main.html?s=TN&sn=Tennessee
Recommended and/or required resources:
· TI 83+ graphing calculator, scientific calculator, or four-function calculator
· TCAP Item Sampler - http://www.state.tn.us/education/tsachsamp.htm
· Manipulatives: graph paper, rulers, protractors, two-color counters, fraction bars, centimeter cubes or snap cubes, geoboards, miras, pattern blocks, Cuisenaire rods, base ten blocks, algebra tiles, color tiles, meter sticks, compasses, tape measure, tangrams, playing cards, number cubes(dice), popsicle sticks, unifix cubes, e.g. strategy games(rounding, checkers, monopoly, etc.)
· Workbook Resources: Greenes,Carole, George Immerzeel, Linda Schulman, and
Rika Spungin. Math By-Lines. Dale Seymour Publications, 1983.
Helton, Sonia M. Math Activities for Every Month of the
School Year. The Center for Applied Research in Education, 1991.
Lee, Martin and Marcia Miller. 40 Fabulous Math Mysteries Kids Can’t Resist. Scholastic Inc., 2001.
Lee, Martin and Marcia Miller. Menu Math. Scholastic
Inc., 2001.
Ritter, Darlene. Math Art. Creative Teaching Press, Inc.,
1995.
Wallaker, Jillayne Prince. Mixed Skills In Math. Instructional Fair, 1999.
· Literature Connections:
Briggs, Raymond. Jim and the Beanstalk. The Putman and Grosset Group, 1970.
Burns, Marilyn. The Greedy Triangle. Scholastic Inc., 1994.
Myller, Rolf. How Big Is A Foot? Dell Publishing, 1962.
Neuschwander, Cindy. Sir Cumference and the First Round
Table. Charlesbridge Publishing,1997.
Website: http://pbskids.org/zoom/activities/sci